HALO-Photographs | Time-Lapse Photography | Index Page |
Time-lapse photography is a cinematographic technique whereby each film frame (an image) is captured at a rate much slower than it will be played back.
When replaying a time-lapse movie at normal speed, time appears to be moving faster and thus lapsing.
Processes that would normally appear subtle to the human eye, such as the motion of the sun and stars in the sky, become very pronounced (see illustration below).
The opposite technique results in a slow-motion movie.
Both techniques boil down to the amount of frames (images) taken within a given period of time and projecting them in a shorter, the same or a longer period.
The key value is 'frames per second' (=fps) at the time of catpure as well as during projection.
A projection rate of 24 fps appears comfortable to the human eyes and brain.
My first attempts for creating Time-Lapse sequences are listed below. They were all created using my Nikon D300 and Apple Quicktime. Each 'movie' has its own page with a brief description and various viewing options including a viewing set for the iPhone generation.
The presented WEB-movies consist of rather large files of about 4-6 MB, so please be patient while they are being loaded (they are not listed on YouTube). The original movies are held in High-Definition quality and vary in sizes between 2-4 GB.
URL to movie | Capture Time | Duration | Frames | Frames per Second |
---|---|---|---|---|
Clouds over Piz Corvatsch | 13:38 - 15:36 | 39 seconds | 1178 | 30 fps |
Hotel Waldhaus at Dusk with Piz La Margna | 18:01 - 00:34 | 73 seconds | 1106 | 15 fps |
Hotel Waldhaus at Dusk and glowing Fog | 18:49 - 21:57 | 51 secoonds | 773 | 15 fps |
When viewing these time-lapse sequences it becomes clearly apparent, that the amount of fps (frames displayed per second) contribute dramatically to the quality of a time-lapse movie.
The two sequences with low fps appear to be a bit bumpy. This was caused by the low fps during capture and the low fps during capture was due to the fact that these two sequences cover a broad range of illumination - from daylight to moonlight, equallying about 15 EVs (Exposure Value).
Some calculations reveiled the conclusion that the following camera settings works best:
ISO 800, F-Stop 7.1, White Balance 'sunny', Exposure 'auto'!!.
The result was that the shortest daylight exposure was at 1/4000 second and the longest moonlight exposure was expected to be at 13 seconds.
This allowed an interval of 15 seconds. The stepping was taken care of by the auto exposure feature.
Theoretically the low fps during capture could be compensated during projection, but that would result in a very fast projection of the time-lapse movie.
Hence the compromise was to also use low fps during projection resulting in a somewhat bumpy viewing experience. Nevertheless I am quite happy with the result.
Credits to illustration above:
Creator: Colin M.L. Burnett / CC BY-SA 3.0
Source:https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Time-lapse_undercranked_timeline.svg